A report released by the National Center for Health Statistics in the United States revealed that the fertility rate in the country has continued to decline, with women having an average of 1.62 children in 2023. The decline is primarily driven by younger women under 30 having fewer children, leading to a 14% decline in the overall fertility rate since 1990. However, the report also highlighted that a growing number of women over 40 are having children, surpassing teenage births for the first time.
Researchers are exploring the reasons behind the trend of women choosing to have children later in life, citing evolving social values, technological advancements, economic factors, and increasing educational opportunities for women. This shift in maternal age is seen as a reflection of women gaining control over their fertility and pursuing other opportunities in their personal and professional lives.
Teen birth rates have also significantly declined across the country, but some southern states still have higher rates compared to other regions. Strategies such as comprehensive sex education, access to contraceptives, and insurance coverage for preventative care have contributed to reducing teen pregnancies. Medical advancements and expanded insurance coverage have allowed women and couples to prioritize career and life goals before starting a family.
While complications during pregnancy increase with age, proactive medical care can help mitigate risks such as genetic abnormalities, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, and postpartum hemorrhage. The overall risk of adverse outcomes remains rare, but women over 40 have a higher risk, particularly if they have pre-existing conditions like high blood pressure, kidney disease, or diabetes. Despite these risks, more women are choosing to have children later in life, emphasizing the importance of accessible healthcare and support throughout the reproductive journey.
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